What are the building blocks of a digital computer? Describe each unit briefly with their functions.
The building blocks of a digital computer include: Input Devices: Input devices are used to provide data or instructions to the computer system. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones. The input devices convert human-readable information into a digital format that the computer can process. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU is the brain of the computer and is responsible for executing instructions. It performs arithmetic and logical operations on data, manages system resources, and controls the flow of data between the computer's different components. Memory: Memory is used to store data and instructions temporarily. The memory is divided into two types: Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only Memory (ROM). RAM is used to store data and instructions that are currently in use, while ROM stores data and instructions that cannot be changed. Output Devices: Output devices are used to display or present the results of the computer's processing. Examples of output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers. The output devices convert digital data into a human-readable format. Storage Devices: Storage devices are used to store data and instructions permanently. Examples of storage devices include hard disk drives, solid-state drives, and optical disks. The storage devices retain data even when the computer is turned off. System Bus: The system bus is used to transfer data and instructions between the different components of the computer system. It consists of several wires that carry data, address, and control signals. Power Supply: The power supply is responsible for providing electricity to the computer system. It converts the alternating current (AC) from the wall outlet into the direct current (DC) that the computer requires. In summary, the building blocks of a digital computer include input devices, the CPU, memory, output devices, storage devices, the system bus, and the power supply. Each component plays a critical role in the computer's functioning, and together they form a complex system that can perform a wide range of tasks.